Unit 2 Essays - Communication, Learning, Culture, Media Studies

Unit 2 Unit 2 Media Literacy Media Literacy: deconstruction media messages Which proclamation is bogus ? All media messages are negative and questionable. All mediaare characterized as thephysical or specialized methods for conveying a message. All media pass on a message. All media are builds. Which proclamation is genuine ? When structuring an advertisement logo, it is imperative to keep it straightforward and clear in plan. When structuring an advertisement logo, it is essential to get all words far from the picture. It is imperative to structure logos that are simple for others to draw and duplicate. It isn't significant how you structure a logo, just which hues you use. Which articulation is genuine ? Media messages are normally unreasonably muddled for a great many people to comprehend. Media messages oftentimes present various messages one after another. Media messages are normally innovative with no rationale behind them. Media messages are just ground-breaking whenever saw through TV Attributes used to order a gathering of the populace that shares regular qualities, for example, age, sexual orientation, class, and so forth., is called __________. values media sorts socioeconomics Top of Form Investigate the picture underneath and answer the inquiry that follows. Picture kindness of the Utah Office of Tourism What is certifiably not a probable explanation the makers of this promotion picked the motto Utah.Life Elevated? It is a play on the utilization of the meanings of raised, alluding to the rise of Utah's mountains and an existence of delight. It is significant on the grounds that it is short yet in addition applicable to the state's travel industry highlights. It features Utah's ski industry and furthermore recommends that Utah has more to offer than simply skiing. It contains just sixteen letters and would beeasy to plan into a rectangular shape. Base of Form Top of Form The psychological procedure of effectively and capably conceptualizing, applying, breaking down, orchestrating, and assessing data to arrive at an answer or resolution is called __________. genreanalysis media proficiency segment investigation basic reasoning Base of Form Top of Form Which of coming up next is certainly not a segment order? age sexual orientation race character Base of Form Top of Form Examine the picture underneath and answer the inquiry that follows. Picture civility of the New Mexico Tourism Department Which explanation about this picture is bogus ? The text style is being utilized to pass on a specific message. This is a case of a motto. The structure around the words is unimportant to the significance ofthe words. The message is planned to be important. Base of Form Top of Form Break down the picture underneath and answer the inquiry that follows. Picture politeness of Texas Office of the Governor, Economic Development and Tourism What is this logo doubtlessly planned to get us to think about? experience cattle rustlers excursion family Base of Form Top of Form Break down the picture beneath and answer the inquiry that follows. Picture graciousness of the Utah Office of Tourism What is the most probable hugeness of the slogan The Greatest Snow on Earth? It is a play on the words The Greatest Show on Earth, recommending that the snowfall is so breathtaking it resembles a presentation. It is a reference to a logical reality that Utah has far better snow than some other state. It is a straightforward articulation implied distinctly to pass on that Utah thinks it has preferable snow over any other individual. It is in the advertisement with the goal that watchers will comprehend and acknowledge snowflakes. Base of Form The psychological procedure of effectively and ably conceptualizing, applying, breaking down, orchestrating, and assessing data to arrive at an answer or resolution is called __________. genreanalysis media education segment examination basic reasoning Which of coming up next is certainly not a segment order? age sex race character Break down the picture underneath and answer the inquiry that follows. Picture politeness of the New Mexico Tourism Department Which articulation about this picture is bogus ? The textual style is being utilized to pass on a specific message. This is a case of a trademark. The plan around the words is insignificant to the significance ofthe words. The message is proposed to be vital. Dissect the picture beneath and answer the inquiry that follows. Picture civility of Texas Office of the Governor, Economic Development and Tourism What

American government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

American government - Essay Example Their arduous excursion to California looking for work and endurance of the relatives is found in the film. As a general rule, the family didn't prevail in their excursion, and they in the long run deteriorated. Be that as it may, the film has an effective end since the family arrived in an appropriate spot gave by the administration to live. A hopeful view is given in the film, instead of the difficulties that the outsiders had at the finish of their journey. The possibility that even the most oppressed Americans could have a vehicle doesn't forecast well with numerous cynics. Nonetheless, the film sincerely reproduces the Great Depression and the financial effects that it started among the majority (Nugent). The difficulty of the family describes the difficulties that different families from the locale confronted as a result of the individual interests of budgetary foundations and unquenchable people. The vast majority of the movement of occasions and articulations utilized either have been overlooked or have been conditioned up. In as much as there might be a few changes from the first story, the film prevails with regards to portraying American history and authentic

Neurodegenerative Diseases Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Neurodegenerative Diseases A bit of all around oiled apparatus comprises of a many-sided and complex framework: there are efficient procedures, systems inside the gadget work productively, and different procedures work at the same time to in this manner perform different capacities. What happens when there is a glitch in the machine? When there is something incorrectly, for example, associations between mind boggling forms, which don't finish, the machine neglects to work appropriately. Sometimes, there are no modification or fallback components. By then, the harm can be irreversible and the apparatus is not, at this point salvageable. [However, this can outline the associations and procedures inside the complex machinery.] The human cerebrum can respond similarly. Neurodegenerative ailments are indications of a glitch in the neural mechanical procedures inside the mind. Hence, neurotic issues of the mind show how the cerebrum controls development and conduct. It is clear in the physical just as enthusiastic conduct. (5) It additionally delineates the communication between the focal sensory system to the fringe sensory system. There must be associations between neural action inside the cerebrum and the remainder of the focal and fringe sensory systems. One can likewise comprehend an outline of the cerebrum just like a case made out of interconnected littler boxes. These incorporated boxes thus show the idea that, Brain=Behavior=Being. The reason for this exposition is to give a general review, just as neurological diagram, of the neurodegenerative illness, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. In doing as such, it will demonstrate how the cerebrum ends up being the focal point of conduct and makes the person's sense... ...The way that one's neural correspondence is cut off and in the long run closes down all body work control, is clear. The information that one's cerebrum is loaded with openings because of a proteinaceous irresistible molecule is theoretical. Albeit many imagine that an individual is substantially more than insignificant neural associations, terminating engine orchestras, synapses, and particular penetrability, Creutzfeldt-Jakob malady reworks singular personality. At last, the patients or their friends and family don't concentrate on the CJD statistical data points. Their existence is that an individual gradually deteriorates before their eyes, the feeling of the Self is lost. Works Cited: http://www.cjd.ed.ac.uk/path.htm http://www.cjd.ed.ac.uk/intro.htm http://www.cjd.ed.ac.uk./lancet.htm Delcomyn, Fred. Establishments of Neurobiology , W.H.Freeman and Company Copyright 1997, pg.437. Neurodegenerative Diseases Essay - Biology Essays Research Papers Neurodegenerative Diseases A bit of very much oiled hardware comprises of a complicated and complex framework: there are efficient procedures, instruments inside the gadget work proficiently, and different procedures work all the while to thusly perform different capacities. What happens when there is a glitch in the machine? When there is something incorrectly, for example, associations between multifaceted procedures, which don't finish, the machine neglects to work appropriately. Now and again, there are no modification or fallback components. By then, the harm can be irreversible and the hardware is not, at this point salvageable. [However, this can show the communications and procedures inside the complex machinery.] The human mind can respond similarly. Neurodegenerative infections are indications of a glitch in the neural mechanical procedures inside the mind. Along these lines, obsessive issues of the mind show how the cerebrum controls development and conduct. It is apparent in the physical just as enthusiastic conduct. (5) It likewise delineates the communication between the focal sensory system to the fringe sensory system. There must be associations between neural action inside the cerebrum and the remainder of the focal and fringe sensory systems. One can likewise comprehend a representation of the cerebrum similar to a case made out of interconnected littler boxes. These coordinated boxes thus exhibit the idea that, Brain=Behavior=Being. The reason for this paper is to give a general review, just as neurological diagram, of the neurodegenerative infection, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. In doing as such, it will demonstrate how the cerebrum ends up being the focal point of conduct and makes the person's sense... ...The way that one's neural correspondence is cut off and in the long run closes down all body work control, is clear. The information that one's cerebrum is filled with openings because of a proteinaceous irresistible molecule is theoretical. Albeit many imagine that an individual is substantially more than unimportant neural associations, terminating engine ensembles, synapses, and specific penetrability, Creutzfeldt-Jakob illness reworks singular personality. At last, the patients or their friends and family don't concentrate on the CJD raw numbers. Their world is that an individual gradually deteriorates before their eyes, the feeling of the Self is lost. Works Cited: http://www.cjd.ed.ac.uk/path.htm http://www.cjd.ed.ac.uk/intro.htm http://www.cjd.ed.ac.uk./lancet.htm Delcomyn, Fred. Establishments of Neurobiology , W.H.Freeman and Company Copyright 1997, pg.437.

Modern World Cinema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Present day World Cinema - Essay Example In the previous more than two decades film industry in Nigeria was not so good, most movies created then were of exceptionally low quality, only a couple of exemptions like those delivered by Late Actors and makers, by name Chief Hubert Ogunde and Moses Olaiya a.k.a Baba Sala.These two on-screen characters took Nigeria film over the Globe and they were generally praised for their gigantic commitment to the Nigerian film Industry. The movies delivered by Hubert Ogunde incorporate Aiye and Jaiyesimi, every one of these movies were gems of their own time, and today these movies are as yet accessible at unique events in films everywhere throughout the nation. Boss Hubert Ogunde without any help assembled a film town in Musan, Ogun State in Nigeria. The film town is outfitted with cutting edge African antiquities required to give Nigerian movies the essential African foundation and other required parafinaliars, the Structure is still there today for use.

Effective Corporate Turnaround Strategies

Effective Corporate Turnaround Strategies Every business around the world needs a combination of several factors and ingredients to succeed and maintain that success. But not each one of it manages to keep the graph going up either due to lack of funds, improper marketing, wrong people onboard or inefficient products and services.It may then begin to take the road down and go through a downward spiral. So should one just give up and lose all hope or should it make efforts to revive and come up the surface? Well, the process of revival and finding the way up again is known as corporate turnaround. © Shutterstock.com | fotogestoeberIn this article, we shall discuss the various strategies that can lead to an effective corporate turnaround by exploring the sections 1) corporate turnaround: an insight, 2) basic requirements for corporate turnaround, and 3) super-effective turnaround strategies.CORPORATE TURNAROUND: AN INSIGHTIt is common for businesses around the world to experience a downturn in their endeavors either due to higher than expected expenses or due to lower than anticipated sales or profits. While, in some cases, this situation can be handled and dealt easily, in other cases, this situation may lead to a downwards spiral. In such a case, the management of the organization must find ways to rise up from depths and make its way towards profits again. Corporate turnaround or turnaround management is the process of transforming a loss-making company into a profit-making. It is simply the method to corporate renewal that is aimed at saving a troubled corporation and rect ifying all those mistakes and wrong steps that can lead to a profit generating situation again. Corporate turnaround is structured, well-planned and methodological approach to the revival of a company and is achieved by following a step-by-step approach that takes time, investment and the participation of people.Questions to ask to find out whether your company needs a turnaroundIn order to find out whether your company needs a corporate turnaround or not, it is important to ask yourself a few questions, and they are given as follows:Is your company currently in a distressed condition and is heading towards a downward spiral?Is your company faltering in its efforts and going out of control?Is your company spending more than it’s earning and are the earnings hard to come by?Has your company suffered from the reputation?Once you answer these questions, you will automatically get an idea of its current state, based on which you can take further actions.Common causes for failure of a corporate enterpriseBefore making your way towards a corporate turnaround, it is important to know and understand the various causes of the failure of your enterprise. In most cases, businesses focus more on the signs/symptoms of decline rather than looking into the actual reasons for it. But without knowing the reasons, the rectification remains incomplete. There can be many reasons for the decline of a business, and they are broadly divided into two types: external and internal causes. Let’s take a look at both in detail:External causesExternal causes for failure of a company or organization are those kinds of causes that result from an external event, activity, trend or happening. The trends in the industry and the economic condition outside it can greatly affect a business or organization, no matter how it functions or how well it implements changes. The following are some of the main external causes for failure of a corporate enterprise:New aggressive competitor Presence of one or more aggressive competitors in the market or industry can lead to the downfall of an enterprise.Increase in prices of supply Another reason for the failure of a corporation could be a sudden and unexpected increase in the prices of supply.Changes in the market demand Shift in market demand and reduction in product preference too can be a major reason.Economic conditions The current condition of the market or economy could be a contributing factor to the decline of a company.Internal causesAs the name suggests, internal causes for failure of a corporation are those kinds of causes which emerge from within the company and is a result of poor people participation, inadequate efforts, improper tools, and others. The following are some of the main internal causes:Failures of management Poor management of a business enterprise often leads to its downfall and can be a major reason for is a failure.Failures in financial decisions Loss in budget controls, weak financial forecasti ng and absence of a proper costing system are just some examples of insufficient financial controls in a company that could lead to its downfall.Ignorance of new trends Ignoring the new trends in the industry and failing to grow with it could also be a big reason for a business’s decline.BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR A CORPORATE TURNAROUNDIt is important to understand that not all businesses facing failure can be rescued. There are some things needed to implement the process of turnaround and without fulfilling these basic requirements, no distressed business can be totally revived. The following are the 3 basic components or requirements for a corporate turnaround:1.     A strong core: Any business with a viable and strong core qualifies to go through the process of a turnaround, no matter how distressed it may be currently. A solid background with reliable employees and enough goodwill can be revived through efforts and turnaround strategies. Of course, even on having a strong core, a business will need to work hard to taste success again.2.     Short-term financing: Besides strong and solid roots, a business or corporation also needs proper funding, and that can be made possible through short-term financing. A company must have access to sufficient short-term financing in order to rise up again and work towards its own revival. The idea is to have enough cash flow to bring back the business on its feet again.3.     Resources and skills: A company must also have access to both intangible and tangible resources as well as skills. Without the proper resources, knowledge, expertise and skills, no business can bounce back again, in spite of having the cash flow and solid base. Without skills and resources, the corporate turnaround can prove to be either a very difficult task or an impossible one.SUPER-EFFECTIVE CORPORATE TURNAROUND STRATEGIESCorporate turnaround isn’t just one-point procedure that can be achieved by making just a few minor changes. Turning around a struggling business to a thriving one can be a complex process, one which involves several steps, methods, and strategies. It may sometimes take years to bring a business back on its feet because several factors need to be taken care of including management, finances, marketing, operations, human resources and many others. A strategic approach has to be followed to fulfill the turnaround and for your reference, we have compiled some of the best strategies for an effective corporate turnaround:1.     Situation reevaluationTo cure a problem, a diagnosis of the initial cause is the first step that is to be followed. Same is the case with corporate turnarounds. The first step that you need to follow is to figure out whether your business is damaged beyond repair or not. If not, then you need to look within the organization to figure out what the problem is. Only when you reevaluate the situation can you decide what actions can be taken next. To achieve this, you need to focus on some key areas, which are given as follows:Product A business is made by the products and services it offers and hence it is important to focus on whether the products you are offering are innovative enough, unique enough and buyable enough for the consumers.Customers You need to figure out whether your consumers are satisfied with the products being offered to them and is the right target audience being targeted.Finance Is the cash flow enough to sustain the business’s operations? Do you have short term financing to stabilize the situation?Process You must fathom whether all your business processes and systems are in place and working effectively. Without this, business performance can go down considerably.People It may be time to figure out whether your business is supported by the right people and staff. Employees can play a big role in any organization’s success and hence you may have to cut down on few who may not be providing a good output.2.     Crisis stabilizationOnce t he situation has been looked into, the next step is to stabilize the situation and make sure that the emergency state can be eliminated. To stabilize the crisis, you will need to conserve the liquidity of funds so that a window of opportunity can be created. You must aim for gaining a little restructuring of both the finances as well as the business so that the next steps can be easily dealt with, without worrying about the shortage of funds or chaos in business operations.You must, at this step track the situation, monitor it well and try to control it from going out of hand. Only when you make efforts for stabilization would you be able to experience the freedom to make necessary changes.3.     Strategy redefiningThe next step to follow in order to turnaround the business effectively is to redefine the strategy that is being followed by your company currently. Redefining the strategy means making strategic or objective changes in the approach followed by your business to reach its goals. If the corporation is on a downward spiral, then one of the biggest reasons behind this could be a gap in the strategy. This is the step where you can make all the difference for the future of the organization and give it a new direction. Revisiting the strategic approach can also make you realize the holes in the previous approach and the changes that need to be made to it.Key areas to focus on:Vision You need to create your new strategy by keeping in mind what your vision or objective is. You must know exactly what you wish to achieve and where you want to take your business.Purpose Are you aware of the real purpose of your business? Your strategy must address this purpose and make sure it is fulfilling the objective for which it was created in the first place.Brand Your business strategy must also address your brand value and should focus on the kind of impact you wish to have on the public as a brand.Mission You must incorporate the intent to succeed in the business and how to succeed in the strategy as well.Values Does your business have any principles, policies and standards that it wants to maintain and follow? If yes, make sure your strategy takes them into consideration.4.     Employee retention and reemploymentThere is hardly any corporate turnaround without talking about the people involved in it. It is the people or employees which run a business and no matter how your finances are, how good your strategy is, if the people backing it are not performing well, there is no way for it to succeed. Now may be the right time to figure out who really is offering the best services to your organization and who isn’t performing as per expectations.At this step, you need to take the decision of reemploying people, eliminating the weaker links and retaining those who are crucial to your business. To revive a business, it is important to retain the right people on board and politely excuse yourself of the wrong ones.5.     Process and product impr ovementsBesides people and strategy, another thing that you need to focus upon is the re-innovation of the products(services) and the business operations. Without regular upgradation and innovation of products and services, customers soon tend to lose interest, and this could be the reason for your downfall. Make sure you are offering your consumers something that they cannot find anywhere else. Regular changes in the products according to the demands of the market and customers are the keys to maintaining consumer interest.Same holds true for your business processes and operations. Have you incorporated the latest technologies or systems in your systems and processes? Do you innovate your working style, environment and principles with changing times? If not, then you should probably start doing that now!6.     Financial restructuringOne of the main and obvious reasons for a failing business is the lack of funds. Without solving the problem of financing, all the other efforts toward s a turnaround can fail miserably. If you are running out of cash, then it is a good idea that you focus on the financial restructuring of your business. While it is a great idea to look for external funding, it is even better to try to source it from within your company. Some of the ways to do so are given as follows:Cut down on costs wherever possible and lay off some of the unproductive staff.If you need to raise quick cash, consider selling some fixed assets.Try to take some money from your personal savings.Only after internal funding sources have been exhausted should you opt for external funding, the best examples of which are borrowing from a friend, taking a loan from a bank and leasing, etc.7.     Back to normalNow the next strategy involves returning to normal. Once the company has a constant cash flow, and everyone has gotten used to the changes, it is important to go back into the same work schedule and create an atmosphere of normality. Once the company is out of the cr isis situation, employees begin to gain more confidence, processes are put back into their normal speed and efforts are made to maintain the strong performance.8.     Become digitalAs the world is moving towards technological advancements and development, it is important to move ahead with it. Most consumers and customers these days look online for buying products and services and the industry demands you to go digital. Going the digital route is not just the need of the hour but also the demand of the consumers. Introduce latest systems, online technologies and online marketing in your strategy to gain the maximum in the current circumstances. Going digital also gives you an edge over your competitors and puts you in the league of those who are already gaining huge profits through online marketing and sales.The internet offers you a superb opportunity to reinvent yourself and bounce back hard. It is no doubt that the internet has changed the world, the way businesses work and the w ay consumers buy. So to complete the process of your corporate turnaround, it is important to have a good website, a strong SEO centric approach, e-commerce facility as well as social media presence.

Philosophy of Coaching Essay - 1100 Words

Philosophy of Coaching (Essay Sample) Content: Philosophy of CoachingStudent's nameName of institutionIntroductionAthletics plays major role in development of people. It does not only participate in helping individuals to be physically fit but also helps in sustaining and enhancing socializing skills. As a coach, an individual needs to have properties that will help individuals to improve their athletic skills and at the same time improve on other sectors like education (Drake, D. 2008). Academics play the biggest role in the collegiate aspect of each individual life. An individual may plan on shining and becoming a professional player but other aspects calls for the achievement. As athletics is concerned, success in academic helps in development of other skills like that of time-management as well as helping one with healthy problem-solving tips.Mission statementEach and every individual or a program has a set of tasks that target a certain period of time. In the case of a coach, equipping athletes with better sk ills that help to survive at all environments is one of the tasks that coach has to look at. Athletics take a wider perspective where individuals can move from place to place to show their competence. However, as a coach, I would like to help the players with more advanced skills that will help them fit in all playing environments. Career cancelling could be one of the missions of a coach; academic success creates a base of a good professional athletes. Helping the players in choosing better careers that compliment with athletics helps in improving other skills that helps in sustaining and keeping the athletic professionalism high. This can be achieved by setting a target for the players; this target would motivate the player since they will have the urge of participating in playing activities. Another task is to impact the athletes with socializing skills; respect is the key for a good interaction. Different people meet at the playing ground and hence they should learn how to inter act while employing all due respect. The mission of a coach is not only impacting the athletes with only athletic skills but also impacting the athletes with other complementing skills of other fields like academic and moral lessons.Vision statementDesired outcomes that any program or an individual sets for a certain period of time are written under the vision statement. Most of the outcomes set the picture of what a program aims to achieve while considering the main goal of a program. Providing a world-class training that ensure all athletes are equipped with competence skills; the skills ensures each individual has the ability to fit at all groups of athletics around the world. As a coach, ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s necessarily to maintain a high class professional ethics around the team of athletes as well as enduring hardship and motivating hard work. The desired outcome of being a coach is to ensure the athletes grow positively and live as a mark of change to the individual players and to the society at large. When a society incorporates people with the same goal of improving the face of the society, ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s the best strategy of ensuring a positive growing society. Most people who grow into athletics are seen to be respectable and motivate good behaviors in most society. To play soccer, one of the rule observing respect and obedience; this ensures the players behave well to each other and to the public as well. As most athletes grow in the field, they have more time to exercise the aspects of respect, obedience as well as forgiveness. In life, these athletes live with respect with other people as well as teaching young people the importance of maintaining good values.Core values that students should infuse in their team or programCore values helps individuals to identify what the organization wants to achieve as well as what individuals should do in order to improve the state of an institution. Each institution strives at being the best in performance and comp etence. You can achieve this by being committed to the institution schedule and activities. You should apply all the skills and professional ethics for the better progress of the school and/or the institution youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬re representing. Committing once self is also a core value as it helps you understand what to do best and at what circumstance. Observing respect, obedience as well as good interaction is also a good way of showing how royal youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬re to a program/school. Core values also help individuals to understand themselves as well as what they believe most; this helps you to understand the values that they have without necessarily being taught by the coach. Commitment as a core value comes as a result of the urge of becoming a professional athlete (Drake, D. 2008). Perseverance works well when an individual desires to become better each day.The studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s leadership styleLeadership may take different dimensions basing on the effort of an individual. Leadersh ip styles determines how people takes and utilizes the lessons theyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬re given and at what rate. Giving the best effort ensures the survival and successful achievements of any program (Walsh, B., and Jamison, S. 2009). The attitude of a leader maybe motivating or challengi...

Albert Einstein The Menace of Mass Destruction Speech Essay

Albert Einstein â€Å"The Menace of Mass Destruction Everyone is aware of the difficult and menacing situation in which human society - shrunk into one community with a common fate - finds itself, but only a few acts accordingly. Most people go on living their everyday life: half frightened, half indifferent, they behold the ghostly tragicomedy this is being performed on the international stage before the eyes and ears of the world. But on that stage, on which the actors under the floodlights play their ordained parts, our fate of tomorrow, life or death of the nations, is being decided. It would be different if the problem were not one of things made by man himself, such as the atomic bomb and other means of mass destruction equally†¦show more content†¦I am thinking of persons who are accustomed to the objective approach to a problem and who will not be confused by exaggerated nationalism or other passions. This forced-separation of the people of both camps I consider one of the major obstacles to the achievement of an acceptable solution of the burning problem of international security. As long as contact between the two camps is limited to the official negotiations I can see little prospect for an intelligent agreement being reached, especially since considerations of national prestige as well as the attempt to talk out of the window for the benefit of the masses are bound to make reasonable progress almost impossible. What one party suggests officially is for that reason alone suspected and even made unacceptable to the other. Also behind all official negotiations stands - though veiled - the threat of naked power. The official method can lead to success only after spade-work of an informal nature has prepared the ground; the conviction that a mutually satisfactory solution can be reached must be gained first; then the actual negotiations can get under way with a fair promise of success. We scientists believe that what we and our fellow men do or fail to do within the next few years will determine the fate of our civilization. And we consider it our task untiringly to explain this truth, to help people realize all this is at stake, and to work, not for appeasement, but forShow MoreRelatedAnalyzing The Menace Of Mass Destruction977 Words   |  4 PagesAnalyzing â€Å"The Menace of Mass Destruction† Although many people carry on with their daily life half indifferent and half frightened, their tomorrow’s fate solely lies in their thoughts, actions and decisions at the current time. â€Å"The Menace of Mass Destruction† is a speech that was previously given by Albert Einstein to the General Assembly and the Security arm of the United Nations during the second yearly dinner of the Foreign Press Association. Ideally, the speech is among the mostRead MoreAlbert Einstein : A Hero And A Villain2043 Words   |  9 Pagesmillions of Jewish people making him one of the evilest men in history. On the other hand, we have the brilliant and innovative Albert Einstein one of the greatest minds of the twentieth century. A hero admired by many due to his accomplishments in the field of science. For those reasons, these two influential and unforgettable men will forever be ingrained in our minds. Einstein will be remembered because of his genius inventions while Hitler will be remembered for his atrocious acts. Adolf Hitler was

The Importance of Early Childhood Education and What it...

â€Å"At what age should I enroll my children in school? Why are we pushing our children at such an early age? I just want my children to be children. Will Pre-K really prepare them for Kindergarten?† These are all questions that parents ask themselves as their children start approaching school age. Parents have to face the decision about whether or not to send their children to pre-k before kindergarten, or if they will just send them to kindergarten. Some parents do not realize just how important early childhood education is. Early Childhood Education begins at birth. The first stage, birth to age three, focuses on skill development, which includes tasks such as sitting, walking, feeding themselves, toilet training, and enough†¦show more content†¦The next step is four-year old Kindergarten. Here, parents still have the options of Head Start or church/privately run preschools, but also have the option of a public school program. Through different funding, many public schools have started offering four-year old preschools. In my district, the four-year old program is funded through Title 1. Title funds are awarded to schools based on the number of students that receive free and reduced meals at school. There are three title funded pre-k classrooms in my district, which are free for families. In order to be placed in these classrooms, families must meet certain criteria such as low income or a low score on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT). We also offer a paid class for families that do not meet the criteria for the free class. In this class, families pay $175.00 a month. Many preschools, like Head Start, are socially based. In our district, our pre-k is academically based. We go by the Common Core Early Learning Standards for classrooms serving four-year old children. The pre-k Common Core standards are very similar to the kindergarten Common Core standards. My pre-k classroom is centered on a quote by an unknown author: â€Å"Play, Learn, and Grow Together.† Children learn by doing. There should be a lot of playing in Early Childhood classes. The following is my classroom schedule. 7:30 – 8:00 Morning Work 8:00 – 8:15 Morning Message 8:15 – 8:30 Breakfast/Bathrooms 8:30 –Show MoreRelatedSuccessful Leadership As A Leader1179 Words   |  5 Pagesfollowers who believe in the leader† What would one call successful leadership, would it be controlling others around you, or having followers who believe in their leader. The quote that Successful leadership is having followers who believe in the leader, will be analysed through this essay. Piece by piece you will find that leadership is not only about taking a stand, not only about controlling others but by having the support of everyone around you to believe in what you are leading. Through theoriesRead MoreEarly Childhood Education Essay1573 Words   |  7 PagesThe education of the young mind is an important step in preparing the child for future learning experiences. The evolution of early childhood education has changed how adults and parents view the importance of offering stimulating and exciting opportunities to the very young. Early childhood Education offers the young child learning experiences that benefit them throughout their educational career. They soon embark on a whole new world of learning. These c hildren are not only experiencing standardRead MoreMy Philosophy Toward Child Development876 Words   |  4 Pagesbudget, there are many grants or funding(non-profit) for day care (state and federal) and local business donations. There are things to keep in mind while starting a daycare such as, if you would like a small or medium-sized center, a drop in daycare, a tuition-based childcare center, look at different child care management, ability to quickly email parents/staff, start an email newsletter. A daycare should have learning activities that include arts and crafts, music, play centers, readingRead MoreReducing Childhood Obesity Essay1405 Words   |  6 Pagesof her classmates she was forced to drop out of school. Children like these are all across America. Food industries are provoking them to eat more with their tasty, one-dollar menus. One of the areas that need to be given more importance in the fight against obesity is physical education: from elementary throughout high school. Obesity is a disease that is common in America; it usually starts in the elementary age. Physical education not only helps to prevent obesity but also increases self-confidenceRead MoreChildhood Obesity Research Paper1 357 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood obesity in America is a growing disease that has become an epidemic that has lasting psychological effects because of advertisement of fast food, lack of physical activities, and parental control has made food become a major health issue in many adolescents lives today. The number of overweight and obese children in America has increased at an alarming rate over the past years. In the past 30 years, the occurrence of obesity in children has tripled and it is now estimated that one inRead MoreEssay about A Psychoanalytical Look at Jim Burden in My Antonia1611 Words   |  7 Pagespsychoanalytical look at the characters of My Antonia provides a better understanding of action vs. intent of each individual, particularly Jim Burden.   The introduction prepares the reader by laying out a profile of Jim.   Without the understanding of the origin of the novel the reader would not be able to assess the true meaning of the novel nor would they really grasp the concepts and issues that are being discussed through the story itself.   So, wit h this essay I will bring together the importance of theRead More`` Reign Of Error Is American Education For The Lives Of Our Children? Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesError. Is American education in crisis? Is American education failing or declining? What is the evidence for reform being promoted by the government and adopted by many states? What should we do to improve our schools and the lives of our children? According to Ravitch, the â€Å"crisis† concerning American education is actually a myth. In this book, she addresses myth after myth providing adequate clarity and information. She looks deep into the facts and brings to light what is actually happeningRead MoreFarmworkers Daughter Essay examples1621 Words   |  7 PagesIn Farmworker’s Daughter, Rose Castillo Guilbault describes what it means to grow up Mexican in America. Her narrative points to the dividing of identity as well as the prejudices she and her family experienced in California. Her experience is both similar to and different from many of the immigrant groups that came to America before her. Throughout the novel, Guilbault portrays the dichotomy of holding on to her family’s Mexican heritage and cultural traditions while also trying to assimilateRead MoreThe Writing Of The Major Of Education Essay2035 Words   |  9 Pagesimportantly its own writing styles and forms. This is my third year studying in the field of Education. I have read many books, articles, journals and other pieces of information that have showed me who others in the particular major choose to express what they think or their findings. Throughout this paper I have handpicked three scholarly journals that truly emphasize the style of writing in the major of education. There are a lot of elements that can be observed to comprehend the form and style in whichRead MoreSummary Of Louis Adamics Article, A Slovenian Boy Remembers Tales Of The Golden Country1641 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica has always been a golden country for people from all around the world. Immigrants came to America with high expec tations. People heard many stories of all the land, job opportunities in America, so they decide to come. At the same time, when arriving, it was not what they had expected. Although industry aid immigrants with work and new technology, but most immigrants found that living in American was very difficult. They struggle with long hours work and low wages. They also dealt with harsh

The Definitive Handbook to Gre Analytical Writing Solutions to the Real Essay Topics

The Definitive Handbook to Gre Analytical Writing Solutions to the Real Essay Topics Details of Gre Analytical Writing Solutions to the Real Essay Topics You have to develop an argument for your side of the matter. If you take a close look at the statistics below, you must concur with me. The scenario will always be shown in the exact form. Needless to say, it's one of the most essential facets, but it isn't the only element. How to Find Gre Analytical Writing Solutions to the Real Essay Topics on the Web No very good writer under sunlight writes two exactly same sentences within an essay or article. There's no experimental section on analytical writing, and within this section, you will have one hour in which you want to write two essays. This is the one most important point to look at when we discuss the significance of the essay section. ETS has not spoken out about the perfect length of an essay, and there is absolutely no word on the term limit as such. 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The Efficacy Of Cognitive Behavior Therapy ( Cbt )

Introduction The purpose of the needs assessment is to assess the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). As an intervention approach in counseling, cognitive behavior therapy is used to assist in managing clients who are diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The purpose of the needs assessment is to pinpoint the needs for counselors to assist clients diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The population of interest is teens diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The stakeholders are teenagers and their parents. Goal of the Needs Assessment The guiding question that needs to be assessed is â€Å"What is the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in tends diagnosed with PTSD?†, â€Å"Is this intervention safe and effective for the teen population?†, Are there any potential prevention techniques for PTSD?†. The first goal is to develop ways teens who have PTSD can utilize the effectiveness of CBT. The first data point I would suggest is to gather qualitative data from focus groups on strategies parents can provide on supportive needs for teens diagnosed with this PTSD. Secondly, is to determine the teen’s level of comfort by obtaining quantitative data with the use of a questionnaire. Lastly, taking advantage quantitative method with the use an of self-report inventory to determine PTSD symptoms increased or decreased. This will determine whether there is a need for teenagers to attend weekly counseling sessions. The secondShow MoreRelatedCognitive Psychology : Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1447 Words   |  6 PagesCognitive Behavioral Therapy Djiedjorm Doe (Dede) Middlesex Community College Cognitive behavioral therapy, commonly known as CBT, is a systematic process by which we learn to change our negative thought into more positive ones. CBT is a combination of two types of therapy, cognitive therapy and behavioral therapy. cognition is our thought, so cognitive behavioral therapy combines working with our thought process and changing our behavior at the same time. Cognitive behavioral therapistsRead MoreAlbert Banduras Theory Of Social Learning Theory1461 Words   |  6 Pagesis considered the developer of social learning theory, which is also known as social cognitive theory (Corey, 2013; Feist et al., 2013; Thoma et al., 2015). Badura’s theory, while based upon the principles of behaviorism, departs from the traditional behavioral model and leaves room for the exploration of unobservable mental states and their influence on behavior (Corey, 2013; Thoma et al., 2015). Social Cognitive theory bases its theory of learning on two types of learning processes: o bservationalRead MoreAnxiety Disorders And Social Anxiety Disorder1384 Words   |  6 Pagestreatments such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Psychoanalysis are effective in the treatment of SAD. However, there is a lack of studies that show the long term effects of short term CBT treatments in, specifically later in adulthood. The purpose of this study is to compare the long term effects of Individual Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Psychodynamic Psychoanalysis in treating social anxiety disorder among adolescents. The antecedence to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy began with AlbertRead More Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 962 Words   |  4 Pagesdecreasing nightmares related to the trauma) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which is the most effective treatment for PTSD. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), â€Å" Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a form of psychotherapy designed to help a person develop a more adaptive response to a fear† (NIMH-CBT). CBT is essentially a combination of two therapies, cognitive therapy and behavioral therapy. Cognitive therapy focuses on the person’s thoughts and beliefs andRead MoreTrauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1720 Words   |  7 Pagesstress symptoms (Cohen, Mannarino Iyengar, 2011). Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is basically a conjoint parent and child psychotherapy approach for kids and teenagers who are undergoing significant behavioral and emotional difficulties pertaining to traumatic life events (Jensen et al., 2014). In essence, it is a components-based treatment model incorporating trauma-sensitive interventions with family, cognitive behavioral, as well as humanistic techniques and principles. ParentsRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt ) And A Family Systems Approach1242 Words   |  5 PagesMental health professionals recognize that Family Systems Therapy (FT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) have had successes as a treatment methodology for individuals who develop eating disorders (Jones, Volker, Lock, Taylor, and Jacobi, 2012; Park, Waller, and Gannon, 2013). In this paper, I compare and contrast an individual approach involving cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and a family systems approach. Definitions and de scriptions of studies involving both approaches will be providedRead MorePsychoanalytical Theory and Cognitive Behavior Theory1567 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Header: JOURNAL REVIEW Journal Review: An assessment of contemporary studies to Psychoanalytical theory and Cognitive Behavior theory. Abstract Psychoanalytical theory and cognitive behavior theory (CBT) are currently two of the most utilized psychotherapeutic modalities in Western psychology. In the current review of literature, the salience of both theories is analyzed through the evaluation of contemporary studies on the two theories. These studies focused on empirical rather than merelyRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1565 Words   |  7 Pagesupon the nature and degree of the traumatic event, the prevalence rates of PTSD in victims have been reported to approach 100%† (Kar, 2011, p.167). Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) has been used as an effective intervention to assist in regulating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Evidence-based practice, displays that cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) strategy is an excellent way in decreasing the symptoms and risks that occur with post-traumatic stress disorder (Feather Ronan, 2009). The purposeRead MoreThe Most Damaging Types Of Trauma1730 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In the immediate, as well as long-term aftermath of exposure to trauma, children are at risk of developing significant emotional and behavior difficulties (CWIG, 2012). The most damaging types of trauma include early physical and sexual abuse, neglect, emotional/psychological abuse, exposure to domestic violence and other forms of child maltreatment (Hoch, 2009). Research has shown that children that are exposed to these types of trauma will experience developmental delays includingRead MoreBipolar Disorder and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Essay5086 Words   |  21 PagesBipolar Disorder and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Key points: There were several key points described in this chapter that validated psychosocial treatments. This analysis will only focus on the discussion of the research study that focused on the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for bipolar affective disorder. This chapter discussed a study of twenty-eight people (Cochran, 1984) who received outpatient CBT for a bipolar disorder diagnosis. The study was designed to change the

Organizational Behavior Importance Free Essays

Organizational Behavior Importance Organizations are all around us. We are born in an organization, we live, work and most probably will die in an organization. Yet most of us do not understand how people function, behave and interact between each other within these organizations. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior Importance or any similar topic only for you Order Now We also do not understand if people shape an organization or an organization shapes people. In the beginning, people create an organization and shape its mission and culture and later more people join the organization. This new group of people adjust themselves within the existing organizational culture. Sometimes they also influence organizational culture by bringing new and unique skills to the organization. Sometimes they learn from each and at other times, external forces like competition, political and cultural changes compel them to learn new technical, communication or interpersonal skills. All these internal and external factors help an organization and its people to evolve to cope with the ever-changing world. Until recently, managers paid little attention to Organizational Behavior or soft skill training. The industrial revolution created the need for hard (technical) skills. People worked in the production line and were not required to think or interact to each other. However, things have changed; instead of standing behind the production lines, they now sit in front of a computer and control a robot who works in the production line. Now, people need more technical skills, but they also need skills to communicate and work within a group. The great English poet Samuel Butler put it together more eloquently, â€Å"Any fool can paint a picture, but it takes a wise man to be able to sell it. † If the â€Å"fool† is the metaphor for hard skill then the â€Å"wise man† would be the soft skill; but the soft skill of the wise man is useless without the hard skill of the fool; the harmonizing of both skills sells the picture. Therefore, the study of Organizational Behavior is not considered pop psychobabble anymore. A comparison between old and new organizations makes the picture clear How to cite Organizational Behavior Importance, Papers

Muck on the Road free essay sample

Yuck! I could not believe that I had talked myself into spending my Saturday picking up filthy trash. At the moment, I held a broken beer bottle with snot scattered atop. As much as I wanted to do it, dropping the dirty content on the earth floor would only contradict my intentions for volunteering for the service event. Holding on my breath for dear life, I quickly dumped the object into the soot black trash bag where other foul contents laid. I told myself that this volunteering experience would be rewarding to me because of the value of helping others and the environment, and I was right. People consider me obsessive-compulsive. On a scale of one to ten, I rate myself a nine as a meticulous individual. When it comes to cleanliness, I might win an award for being the most annoying and overly tidy individual in the universe. One could imagine my expression as I laid eyes upon the trash scattered everywhere in only one neighborhood. We will write a custom essay sample on Muck on the Road or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Not to be a stereotyped as Hollywoods character of a valley girl, I honestly was not too energized in picking germs and muck. However, I made a pledge to myself to keep the promise that I had made only a few years ago. The majority of family members on my fathers side live in a rural area. Their houses are made out of mud. They live on no electricity. People must walk across and upon cow manure scattered across the ragged roads on a daily basis. Their neighborhood has no system of collecting trash or even recycling reusable materials. On my winter break visit to the heartland of Bangladesh, I witnessed all of this. The fact that my family had to live in these conditions breaks my heart. I want to help them. I want them to live in a better setting. However, because I am one person, I cannot fix everything for them. Yet, because I am one person, I can try to make an effort to improve polluted places one step at a time. Even though I do not live in Bangladesh, I prolong my journey towards improving todays environment right here in the good, old U.S.A. While I pick up trash in one neighborhood, I succeed in bettering the environment. I help others of whom I know not, to live in a cleaner society. I am proud to be a part of this movement, this movement towards bettering the world one step at a time.

The Experience of Nature and the Formative Process in The Prelud free essay sample

William Wordsworth and Edward Blunden use poetry to present the experience of skating in a vivid way through the use of powerful imagery and personification of nature. While there are many similarities that link both poems there is a contrast which is mainly in the form of the darker tones and impending danger in Blundens The Midnight skaters. Both the prelude and the midnight skaters describe skating but represent it in completely contrasting ways, although they both describe an exhilarating, exciting feeling. In the prelude you feel the energy and excitement and also the sadness that Wordsworth feels as we were all children once, this is accomplished by the use of imagery throughout the poem, he begins with imagery to do with winter, such as frosty and suggests the end of a winters day. Images of warmth, such as blazd and the sun contrast this. The use of words like wheeld, hissd, flew and rapture creates the excitement and enjoyment of the boys. We will write a custom essay sample on The Experience of Nature and the Formative Process in The Prelud or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Wordsworth makes it seem as if the humans are animals running through the woods, the skaters are shod with steel like until horses. At the end of the poem, he describes a vivid image of the sunset; the orange sky of evening died away. The midnight skaters, however, has a darker tone, this is achieved by the personification of death. Death himself is a very sinister character this is accomplished by the use of the word he and the description of how he hates them through the glass. Blunden, like Wordsworth begins with imagery, such as the icy pond and black bed which represents the darkness throughout the poem. The use of words like lurks, black and hate creates a feeling of impending danger which is used all through the poem. In the first stanza, the sense of danger is less apparent than in the following two, yet it is there from as early as the second line; the icy pond lurks under, this suggests that the pond isnt what it seems, which are explained further in the rest of the poem.The time at which Blunden wrote the poem is greatly significant. Having fought in the first world war, he was living in a time of great suspicion. Even at a simple, happy event like skating death could be lurking around the corner. The scene of skating can represent a battlefield itself, the skaters represent the soldiers, who were mostly very young and still naà ¯ve like the children skating; What wants he but to catch earth heedless sons and daughters. The secret waters representing the enemy and death and the ice shows how close the soldiers were to die but how they didnt even realize. The prelude is nostalgic as Wordsworth experiences the intense feelings of happiness that childhood brings when he is playing with his friends in the woods. It is also about the end of his childhood, and the end of the freedom he has, it is beautiful but yet sad.

Boston Tea Party Essay Sample - How to Get One For Free

Boston Tea Party Essay Sample - How to Get One For FreeYou've already completed your Boston tea party essay sample and now you're trying to figure out what you need to do next. First you need to find out how to get a free Boston tea party essay sample for your use. Doing this is actually pretty easy once you find the right resource.If you're a Boston wedding consultant, then you have to have access to such resources. You'll be happy to know that they're really out there and not hard to find. Also they are really not expensive at all. In fact, they're free, if you know where to look.One of the best places to look is on the Internet. This is because this is the place where everyone is doing their shopping these days. If you're doing your shopping online then you know that you can find just about anything you need. And in today's competitive world you can find a lot of really great resources that are free.Another great resource to use is your local bookstore. If you're in a store near y ou then you know that the wedding and event section is often packed with books on the subject of weddings related things. Because of this, they often have a book in their book section. It's usually called the Boston wedding consultant guide and it will have the names of many resources that you can use.If you have a wedding consultant, you should definitely purchase this book. There are many other Boston wedding consultant guides available, but you won't want to miss this one. In fact, you may even find that this book is a little more detailed than the others, because it was compiled by a seasoned professional.The reason that you should buy this book is because it has a lot of useful tips that are specific to the needs of a wedding consultant. If you're an event planner yourself then you know that one of the best resources for event planners is a good Boston wedding consultant guide. This guide is really useful because it has a lot of tips and ideas about organizing events, which is really what the Boston wedding consultant is.The biggest thing that you should look for when shopping for a Boston wedding consultant guide is to make sure that you get one that includes a lot of ideas about what it's like to work as a wedding consultant. This is the information that you really need to know to make sure that you'll know what you're getting into.A good Boston wedding consultant guide should include some information about the wedding industry in general, but also what it's like to work as a wedding consultant. The more information that you can get about the wedding industry, the better off you'll be in terms of your decision to choose a wedding consultant.

the flame who lost his way essays

the flame who lost his way essays It is not possible or commendable in mainstream United States to imitate biblical-times gender role patterns. In biblical times, male and female weren't associated according to gender as much as they were according to relationship. Because of the enmeshed society where individuating was not only not done but wasn't seen as normal or healthy we cannot as individuals in the United States begin to imitate let alone completely understand gender role patterns in biblical-times. Women were seen as sisters, wives, mothers, daughters etc. not as women in the sense of gender. Men were also enveloped within relationship as brother, husband, father, son etc. not as maleness. Relationship defined who they were as a person in relationship. An individual was usually someone outside the group, inferior, sick or unacceptable. In the United States we value individuality. We have whole professions dedicated specifically to heal those who are not individuals in one sense or another. We value the self-alone, not as much as relationship. Who we are isn't bound in what relationship we are in but usually in what we do for a living. Because of this foundational difference in orientation as human beings we should not and could not imitate biblical-times gender role patterns. When we as Western thinkers read the Bible through our United States, individual promoting lenses we tend to view the culture of the ancient Near East as barbaric and dehumanizing for some classes, especially women. We feel they are treated as inferior and we cannot understand how a gracious God could not only allow but also institute such a prejudiced society. But here is where we misunderstand the culture and women. Are they treated inferior or just different? The presuppositions of Hebrew culture regarding men and women lead to the understanding of the roles of each sex. According to Proverbs women were easy to fall into adultery, therefore, men were to keep them pure according ...

Omo Kibish (Ethiopia) - Oldest Known Early Modern Human

Omo Kibish (Ethiopia) - Oldest Known Early Modern Human Omo Kibish is the name of an archaeological site in Ethiopia, where was found the earliest examples of our own hominin species, about 195,000 years old. Omo is one of several sites found within the ancient rock formation called Kibish, itself along the Lower Omo River at the base of the Nkalabong Range in southern Ethiopia. Two hundred thousand years ago, the habitat of the lower Omo River basin was similar to what it is today, although moister and less arid away from the river. Vegetation was dense and a regular supply of water created a mix of grassland and woodland vegetation. Omo I Skeleton Omo Kibish I, or simply Omo I, is the partial skeleton found from Kamoya’s Hominid Site (KHS), named after the Kenyan archaeologist who discovered Omo I, Kamoya Kimeu. The human fossils recovered in the 1960s and in the early 21st century include a skull, several pieces from the upper limbs and shoulder bones, several bones of the right hand, the lower end of the right leg, a piece of the left pelvis, fragments of both lower legs and the right foot, and some rib and vertebrae fragments. The body mass for the hominin has been estimated at approximately 70 kilograms (150 pounds), and although it is not certain, most evidence indicates Omo was female. The hominin stood somewhere between 162-182 centimeters (64-72 inches) tallthe leg bones are not sufficiently intact enough to give a closer estimate. The bones suggest Omo was a young adult at the time of her death. Omo is currently classified as anatomically modern human. Artifacts with Omo I Stone and bone artifacts were found in association with Omo I. They included a variety of vertebrate fossils, dominated by birds and bovids. Nearly 300 pieces of flaked stone were found in the vicinity, predominantly fine-grained crypto-crystalline silicate rocks, such as jasper, chalcedony, and chert. The most common artifacts are debris (44%) and flakes and flake fragments (43%). A total of 24 cores was found; half the cores are Levallois cores. Primary stone tool making methods used at KHS produced Levallois flakes, blades, core-trimming elements, and pseudo-Levallois points. There are 20 retouched artifacts, including an ovate handaxe, two basalt hammerstones, sidescrapers, and backed knives. Over the area a total of 27 artifact refits have been found, suggesting a potential slope wash or north-trending sediment slump before the sites burial or some purposeful stone knapping/tool discard behaviors. Excavation History Excavations in the Kibish formation were first conducted by the International Palaeontological Research Expedition to the Omo Valley in the 1960s led by Richard Leakey. They found several ancient anatomically modern human remains, one of them the Omo Kibish skeleton. In the early 21st century, a new international team of researchers returned to Omo and found additional bone fragments, including a femur fragment which conjoined with a piece collected in 1967. This team also conducted Argon isotope dating and modern geological studies that identified the age of the Omo I fossils as 195,000 /- 5,000 years old. The Lower Valley of the Omo was inscribed to the World Heritage List in 1980. Dating Omo The earliest dates on the Omo I skeleton were quite controversialthey were uranium-series age estimates on Etheria freshwater mollusk shells that provided a date of 130,000 years ago, which in the 1960s was deemed too early for Homo sapiens. Serious questions arose in the latter half of the 20th century about the reliability of any dates on mollusks; but in the early 21st century Argon dates on the strata in which Omo lay returned ages between 172,000 and 195,000, with the most likely date nearer 195,000 years ago. A possibility then arose that Omo I had been an intrusive burial into an older layer. Omo I was finally direct-dated by laser ablation elemental Uranium, Thorium, and Uranium-series isotope analysis (Aubert et al. 2012), and that date confirms its age as 195,000/- 5000. In addition, a correlation of the makeup of the KHS volcanic  tuff to the Kulkuletti Tuff in the Ethiopian Rift Valley indicates the skeleton is likely aged 183,000 or older: even that is 20,000 years older than the next oldest AMH representative in the Herto formation also in Ethiopia (154,000-160,000). Sources This definition is part of the About.com Guide to the Middle Paleolithic. Assefa Z, Yirga S, and Reed KE. 2008. The large-mammal fauna from the Kibish Formation. Journal of Human Evolution 55(3):501-512.Aubert M, Pike AWG, Stringer C, Bartsiokas A, Kinsley L, Eggins S, Day M, and Grà ¼n R. 2012. Confirmation of a late middle Pleistocene age for the Omo Kibish 1 cranium by direct uranium-series dating. Journal of Human Evolution 63(5):704-710.Brown FH, McDougall I, and Fleagle JG. 2012. Correlation of the KHS Tuff of the Kibish Formation to volcanic ash layers at other sites, and the age of early Homo sapiens (Omo I and Omo II). Journal of Human Evolution 63(4):577-585.de la Torre I. 2004. Omo Revisited: Evaluating the Technological Skills of Pliocene Hominids. Current Anthropology 45(4):439-466.McDougall I, Brown FH, and Fleagle JG. 2005. Stratigraphic placement and age of modern humans from Kibish, Ethiopia. Nature 433:733-736.McDougall I, Brown FH, and Fleagle JG. 2008. Sapropels and the age of hominins Omo I and II, Kibish, Ethiopia. Journal of Human E volution 55(3):409-420. Pearson OM, Royer DF, Grine FE, and Fleagle JG. 2008. A description of the Omo I postcranial skeleton, including newly discovered fossils. Journal of Human Evolution 55(3):421-437.Rightmire GP. 2008. Homo in the Middle Pleistocene: Hypodigms, variation, and species recognition. Evolutionary Anthropology 17(1):8-21.Shea JJ. 2008. The Middle Stone Age archaeology of the Lower Omo Valley Kibish Formation: excavations, lithic assemblages, and inferred patterns of early Homo sapiens behavior. Journal of Human Evolution 55(3):448-485.Sisk ML, and Shea JJ. 2008. Intrasite spatial variation of the Omo Kibish Middle Stone Age assemblages: Artifact refitting and distribution patterns. Journal of Human Evolution 55(3):486-500.

Memo to CIO on Success Criteria for Enterprise System Implementation Case Study

Memo to CIO on Success Criteria for Enterprise System Implementation - Case Study Example The modern design may be contrived in power ranges up to 800 horsepower. Due to Environmental trends globally, demand for the new generator and motor designs have been on the rise. The company has also opened up other branches which see the need to have all of its system synchronized into one system that can make it easier for the management to consolidate most of its CRM centrally at one point. Teamwork and composition are vital in the entire CRM life cycle. The CRM team should comprise of the best individuals from the company (Brown, and Vessey, 1999). Coming up with a cross-functional team is also necessary. The team should consist of knowledgeable consultants and some internal staff such the internal staff may develop the needed technical skills required for design and implementation. The support of top management is required in the entire implementation process. The project must have a valid approval from the top management and align with critical business goals (Buckhout Frey and Nemec, 1999). This may be achieved through tying the management bonuses to the success of the project. Managers are supposed to legitimize new objectives and goals. A joint vision of the company and the function of the new CRM application and structure should be communicated directly to the employees. New structures, responsibilities, and roles of the company should be adopted. Policies should be put by top management to form modern systems in the company. There should be a clearly outlined business plan and a vision in order to steer the direction of CRM implementation. This business plan should clearly define the intended tangible and strategic merits, costs, Timeline, risk, and resources. This will assist in evaluating the extent to which the implementation process has gone and the benefits of the CRM (Callaway, 2000).

Academic Report on video game addiction social responsibility Essay

Academic Report on video game addiction social responsibility - Essay Example The authors also believe that the companies which produce the games should be somewhat responsible for their consumers. This particular article would be helpful in establishing distinct ways that society can be more responsible when it comes to this issue as the article presents several specific examples for this. In addition, the article does a good job of presenting an overview of the problem which would be helpful in establishing the background for the paper. Mehroof, Mehwash, and Mark D. Griffiths. "Online Gaming Addiction: The Role of Sensation Seeking, Self-Control, Neuroticism, Aggression, State Anxiety, and Trait Anxiety." CyberPsychology, Behavior & Social Networking 13.3 (2010): 313-316. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. This article provides a study that details some of the consequences in terms of a person’s mental well-being when they have become addicted to video games. For instance, the research illustrates that those who are addicted to video games display an overall increase in aggression, violent behavior, anxiety, and neuroticism. The study found that these behaviors or personality traits were very prevalent in those who were addicted to online gaming. The article would be helpful for a research paper on the topic of video game addiction and social responsibility in that it provides evidence as to how video or online gaming impacts a person negatively. This impact can be pointed to in order to prove that society should be held to a higher standard in terms of how it deals with this type of

Understanding Linear Cryptanalysis

Understanding Linear Cryptanalysis Dipanjan Bhowmik Abstract The objective of this paper is to provide a better understanding of the Linear Cryptanalysis Attack developed by M.Matsui [2]. This paper has been written after going through noted literature in this field and has been structured in such a way that a beginner in this field would be able to understand the idea with little prior knowledge. The paper describes a simple cipher and then applies Linear Cryptanalysis to break it. The cipher has been intentionally taken to be very simple so that a beginner can actually implement it and get an actual feel of the attack. The paper also describes all the algorithms involved in this attack again with the intention of letting a beginner actually realize the attack. Keywords: Linear Cryptanalysis, Linear Approximation Table, s-box, Toy cipher, Parity. Introduction: If one feeds a random input with a particular property into a magic box and can guess the corresponding property in the output, the magic box is some what linear. For example imagine that the box takes an input and adds one to it. Now, let’s say that the property which is looked at is whether the input/output is even. By feeding it an input, one knows the property will be opposite in the output every single time. In other words, adding one to an even number will always produce an odd number and vice versa. This magic box will be completely linear with respect to divisibility by 2. In an iterative cipher, substitution box(s) (S-Box(s)) add non linearity to it. Ideally, an s-box should receive an input with property X and output a number that has property Y exactly 50% of the time. The property, which is being looked at in Linear Cryptanalysis is Parity. Definition Parity: It is a Boolean value (a 0 or a 1), that we get if we perform an XOR operation on some or all of the bits of a number expressed in binary form. The bits that are being XORed together is defined by another number called the mask. The mask lets us to ignore some of the bits of the input while calculating the parity. In order to calculate the parity, the mask value it bitwise ANDed with the input value, the bits of the resultant is then taken and XORed together to obtain the parity. Generating Linear Approximation Tables (LATs): The masked input parity concept is used to find linearity in the S-boxes. Every single combination of input mask vs. output mask has to be tested for all possible inputs. Basically we will take an input value, mask it using an input mask and obtain its parity (Input Parity). Next, we will take the original input, run it through the S-box and mask it with 6the output mask. We then compute its parity (Output Parity). If they match, then we know that the combination of input and output mask holds true for that input. After doing this for every possible input against every possible pair of input/output masks, we have made a table called the Linear Approximation Table. Each entry in the table is a number indicating the number of times a specific input/output mask pair holds true when tested against all possible inputs. For example, if a certain S-box takes 4 bit inputs and produce 4 bit output, then the LAT will be of dimension 16 x 16 and each entry will range from 0 to 16, indicating th e number of successful matches between input and output parity. Algorithm 1: Algorithm for generating Linear Approximation Table For i=0 to 2m -1 For j=0 to 2n -1 For k=0 to 2m -1 If Parity (k AND i) =Parity(S-box[k] AND j) then LAT[i][j] à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦LAT[i][j] +1 Where, LAT is a 2-D array of size m x m. Parity () is a function that computes the parity of the given input. M is the total number of bits fed as input to the S-box. N is the total number of bits produced as output by the S-box. I ranges from 0 to 2m -1 , it represents all possible input masks. J ranges from 0 to 2n-1 representing all possible output masks. K ranges from 0 to 2m -1, it represents all possible inputs to S-box. Let us assume an S-box that takes 4 bit inputs and produces 4 bit output. Both the input and output ranges from 0 to 15. Such a S-box is injective in nature. For such an S-box, the algorithm to generate the Linear Approximation Table is modified as following: Algorithm 2: Algorithm for generating Linear Approximation Table for the S-box given in Fig 1. For i=0 to 15 For j=0 to 15 For k=0 to 15 If Parity (k AND i) =Parity(S-box[k] AND j) then LAT[i][j]à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦ LAT[i][j] +1 In this case, the LAT generated is of dimension 16 x 16.The following table depicts the Linear Approximation Table generated for the S-box given in fig. 1 using algorithm 2. Similarly, the LAT for any of the DES S-box can also be generated, For DES S-box; the algorithm is modified as the following: Algorithm 3: Algorithm for generating LAT for DES S-Box. For i=0 to 15 For j=0 to 63 For k=0 to 15 If Parity (k AND i) =Parity(S-box[k] AND j) then LAT[i][j] à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦AT[i][j] +1 In this case, the LAT is of dimension 16 x 64, the reason being DES S-box takes 4 bit input and produces 6 bit output. Piling Up Principle One of the fundamental tools used for linear cryptanalysis is the Piling Up Principle. Let us conceder two random binary variables X1 and X2, and let us assume And Then, the probability of the relationship X1(+)X2 will be That is, X1 (+) X2 will be 0 when X1=X2 i.e. when both X1 and X2 are 0 and both X1 and X2 are 1. And X1 (+) X2 will be 1 when X1≠  X2 i.e. when X1=0 and X2=1 or X1=1 and X2=0. Accordingly probabilities are computed, assuming X1 and X2 are independent. We are particularly interested in deviation of the probability from  ½, so, let us consider p1=1/2+ ÃŽ µ1 and p2=1/2+ÃŽ µ2, where ÃŽ µ1 and ÃŽ µ2 are the deviation of p1 and p2 from respectively from  ½ and are referred to as probability bias. Now, P(X1 (+) X2=0)=(1/2 + ÃŽ µ1).(1/2+ÃŽ µ2) + (1-(1/2+ÃŽ µ1)).(1-(1/2+ÃŽ µ2)) =1/2+2.ÃŽ µ1.ÃŽ µ2 So, probability bias of X1 (+) X2 is given by ÃŽ µ1,2=2.ÃŽ µ1.ÃŽ µ2 Generally, if X1,X2,†¦Xn are n independent random binary variables, then the probability of X1 (+) X2 (+) †¦(+) Xn=0 is given by the Piling Up Lemma. P( X1 (+) X2 (+) †¦Xn =0) =  ½ + 2 n-1 . ∠i=1†¦n ÃŽ µi†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.(1) And the probability bias of (+) X2 (+) †¦(+) Xn=0 is given by ÃŽ µ1†¦n=2 n-1 . ∠i=1†¦n ÃŽ µi Note that, P( X1 (+) X2 (+) †¦Xn =0) =  ½, if there exist some ÃŽ µi such that ÃŽ µi=0 or pi=1/2. And P( X1 (+) X2 (+) †¦Xn =0) = 0 or 1, if for all ÃŽ µi, ÃŽ µi=+1/2 or -1/2 respectively or pi=0 or 1 respectively. Attacking a Toy Cipher Let us consider a toy cipher that takes 4 bit input goes through two iterations of key addition and block substitution and yields a 4 bit output. The following figure diagrammatically represents the toy cipher. P1, P2, P3, P4 represents the 4 bit plain text C1, C2, C3, C4 represents 4 bit cipher text. K0, K1, K2 are 4 bit sub keys Total key length is of 12 bits. The cipher uses two identical S-boxes, which is same as the S-box described earlier. The following algorithm implements the toy cipher Algorithm 4: Implementing Toy Cipher Kye[]à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦{k0,k1,k2} Sbox[]=à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦{E,4,D,1,2,F,B,8,A,6,C,5,9,0,7} For i=0 to 15// 16 possible inputs { p=i For j= 0 to 1// 2 iterations pà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦Sbox [ p (+) Key[j]] C[i]à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦ p (+) Key[2] //final key whitening step } The toy cipher yields the following output when Key[]à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦{B,7,F} The first step towards attacking the cipher begins by obtaining an equation of the form X1 (+) X2 (+)†¦(+) Xn =0. Such an expression can be obtained using Linear Approximation Table. In our example P(LAT[F][A])=12/16 or equivalently Bias( LAT[F][A})=4/16,k where F is the input mask and A is the output mask. It should be noted that although LAT[0][0]=16 but it cannot be used. Let Uij demote the jth input of ith S-Box and Vij denote the jth output of the ith S-Box. So, P(U11 (+) U12 (+) U13 (+) U14 =V11 (+) V13)= 12/16 Let Kij denote the jth bit of the ith sub key, then U11 = P1 (+) K01, U12 =P2 (+) K02, U13 = P3 (+) K03, and U14 = P4 (+) K04, where Pi denotes the ith plain text bit. Therefore, P( P1 (+) K01 (+) P2 (+) K02 (+) P3 (+) K03 (+) P4 (+) K04 = V11 (+) V13)) = 12/16 orP ( P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 (+) ∑K0 = V11 (+) V13) = 12/ 16 Since, U21 = V11 (+) K11 or, V11 = U21 (+) K11 and U23 = V23 (+) K13 or, V13 = U23 (+) K13 Hence, P (P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 (+)∑K0 = U21 (+) K11 (+)U23 (+) K13) = 12/ 16 or, P (P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 (+)∑K0 (+) K11 (+) K13 = U21 (+)U23) = 12/ 16 Let us assume K=∑K0 (+) K11 (+) K13, which can either be 0 or 1 Therefore, P (P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 (+) K= U21 (+)U23) = 12/ 16 Or,P (P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 = U21 (+)U23) = Now, as we have obtained a linear expression with a relatively high probability bias, we would now partially decrypt the cipher text to obtain U2 (input to the 2nd S-Box). The following algorithm does this. Algorithm 5: Partially decrypting the cipher text C[] à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦ { 3,B,6,D,1,7,F,2,4,9,E,5,8,A,C,0} Isbox[] à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦ {E,3,4,6,1,C,A,F,7,D,9,6,B,2,0,5} For k=0 to 15 {pro[k]à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦ 0 For I = 0 to 15 {pdc [k][i] à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦ isbox [ C[i] (+) k] If Parity (pdc[k][i] AND A) = Parity ( I AND F) then pro[k] à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦ pro[k] +1 } } It should be noted that Parity (pdc[k][i] AND A) = Parity ( I AND F) is the algorithmic implementation of P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 (+) = U21 (+) U23. Since, bit wise ANDing retrieves the required bits when ANDed with a mask having 1 in the required position in its binary equivalent. The algorithm yields the following probabilities. From the result we observe that probability when key=F is 12/16 which matches with our expected probability, there by indicating that K2=F. It should be noted that in our example, it so happened that there is only one candidate for K2, but generally there may be more than one candidate and all of then should be given due consideration. For the next round, we use the partially decrypted cipher text with respect to key =F as the cipher text and perform the procedure defined as algorithm 5. That is , now C[]à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¦{B,1,D,4,0,7,E,2,6,A,3,9,F,C,8,5} The output yielded at this point is given below. At this time we are comparing the plain text block P1, P2, P3, P4 to the input of the first S-Box i.e. U1, U2, U3, U4, so the expected probability is computed as P( P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 = P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4) =1 Or, P( P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 = P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 (+) ∑K0) = Or, P( P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 = P1 (+) K01 (+) P2 (+) K02 (+) P3 (+) K03 (+) P4 (+) K04) = Or, P( P1 (+) P2 (+) P3 (+) P4 = U11 (+) U12 (+) U13 (+) U14) = The expected probability match4es with the observed probability for sub key K1= 7. Therefore with high degree of certainty, K1=7. So, we retain the partially decrypted cipher text for sub key =7, which is contained in pdc[7][i] for i=0 to 15. The partially cipher text for sub key =7 is given in the following table. Now, in order to obtain the sub key K0, we need simply to choose any pair of plain text and partially decrypted cipher text and perform a bitwise XOR operation. Say, we choose (4,F), then 4 (+) F = B, So, K0=B. Thus, the actual key ={B, 7, F}, which is the key we originally used in our example toy cipher. It should be noted that, at every step of our attack, we obtain unique sub key values that matches our expected probability, which may not be the case all the time. And in such situations where multiple sub keys matches the expected probability we need to consider each of these sub keys. Observations If the Linear Approximation Table (LAT) has an entry such that Bias (LAT[i][j])| =1/2 (50%) and i=j, then the S-box is prone to Linear attack. So, such an S-box is a strict no for any cipher If the Linear Approximation Table has entries such that |Bias(LAT[i][j])| =1/2 and | Bias (LAT[j][k])| =  ½ where i ≠  j ≠ k , then such a cipher is also susceptible to Linear Attack. If |Bias(LAT[i][j])| =  ½ where i≠ j and there is no pair such that |Bias(LAT[i][j])|=1/2 and |Bias(LAT[j][k])|=1/2 where i ≠  j ≠ k , then after a certain number of iterations, Linear Cryptanalysis becomes ineffective. The observation is illustrated using the following graph. Conclusion As the number of iterations of an iterative cipher increases and observations 1 and 2 does not hold, Linear Cryptanalysis becomes increasingly less effective. References: Heys,H.M,2002,†A Tutorial on Linear And Differential Cryptanalysis†, Cryptologia,XXV(3),189-221. Matsui, M.,1994,†Linear Cr4yptanalysis Method For DES Cipher†, Advance in Cryptlogy-EUROCRYPT’93, Springer-Verlag,386-397. Jakobson, B.T.,Abyar, M.,Nordholt, P.S.,2006,†Linear And Differential Cryptanalysis† Paar, C., Pelzl, J.,2010,Understanding Cryptography.Berlin:Springer-Nerlag.

Medea Reflectiv Statement

Ana Maksimovic IB English 11/ 3 Per. Ms Bachmann 03/11/2012 335 Words Reflective Statement Medea has lot information that is often not conspicuous to the reader. In Medea the place and time play a big role. The place matters because of the events that happen. The events are related to Gods and gods were mainly famous in Greece. If you would change the place the meaning of gods would lose its importance.Time is always relevant because the play was written a long time ago and it shows how life was back then. Nowadays the country people live in is owned by the state; however this was not always the case. Back in the time there were individual kings who had the power over their whole land/country. Hard to understand was when the characters in the play referred to goddesses. If someone doesn’t know what the God stands for it was a bit confusing. Also easy for me to understand was the role of women.Not that I understand that they don’t have the same right but if you compare t he equality between women and men now it is easy follow the concept how it was in Greece a long time ago. Definitely the role of women can still be related to nowadays even if the equality between men and women got better; it is still not on the same level even if it should. Also the fact that the children stay with their mom when the dad leaves kind of reminds me of today in the society.A really big connection between today and Medea is that men had the power over a country. They used to own their own country but that hasn’t changed that much because most presidents are still male. The technique of using the voice of the population during speeches or just conflicts is very interesting. This kind of technique shows you what the other people think and it also makes the conflict more clear and understanding. Also the way Euripides uses the dramatic irony gives the whole play the final touch.

The Issue Of Welfare Spending Essay - 915 Words

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